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Writer's pictureVikas Yadav

Important MCQs from Chapter Anatomy of Flowering Plants | Class 12 | CBSE Board

Updated: Oct 6

Here are 50 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) based on the chapter "Anatomy of Flowering Plants" from the CBSE Class 12 Biology syllabus. The answers are provided at the end.

 

 MCQs:

 

1. The tissue responsible for the conduction of water and minerals in plants is:

   a) Phloem 

   b) Xylem 

   c) Parenchyma 

   d) Collenchyma 

 

2. The main function of parenchyma is:

   a) Photosynthesis 

   b) Support 

   c) Conduction 

   d) Protection 

 

3. The thickening of collenchyma cell walls is due to:

   a) Cellulose 

   b) Lignin 

   c) Pectin 

   d) Suberin 

 

4. Which tissue in plants is known as the "primary meristem"?

   a) Apical meristem 

   b) Lateral meristem 

   c) Intercalary meristem 

   d) Cambium 

 

5. The cells of sclerenchyma are:

   a) Living and thin-walled 

   b) Living and thick-walled 

   c) Dead and thin-walled 

   d) Dead and thick-walled 

 

6. The type of vascular bundle in which xylem and phloem are arranged in an alternate manner is:

   a) Radial 

   b) Conjoint 

   c) Collateral 

   d) Bicollateral 

 

7. The primary function of phloem tissue is:

   a) Conduction of water 

   b) Conduction of food 

   c) Mechanical support 

   d) Protection 

 

8. Which type of meristem is responsible for the increase in length of the plant?

   a) Apical meristem 

   b) Lateral meristem 

   c) Intercalary meristem 

   d) Cambium 

 

9. The vascular cambium is an example of:

   a) Apical meristem 

   b) Lateral meristem 

   c) Intercalary meristem 

   d) Secondary meristem 

 

10. Cork cambium is also known as:

    a) Phellogen 

    b) Phellem 

    c) Periderm 

    d) Cortex 

 

11. The part of the root that absorbs water and minerals from the soil is:

    a) Root hair 

    b) Root cap 

    c) Cortex 

    d) Endodermis 

 

12. In dicot roots, the xylem is:

    a) Exarch 

    b) Endarch 

    c) Mesarch 

    d) Centrarch 

 

13. The pericycle in roots is responsible for:

    a) Conduction 

    b) Formation of lateral roots 

    c) Absorption 

    d) Photosynthesis 

 

14. Which of the following is not a component of the vascular bundle?

    a) Xylem 

    b) Phloem 

    c) Cambium 

    d) Cortex 

 

15. In monocot stems, the vascular bundles are:

    a) Radial 

    b) Collateral and closed 

    c) Collateral and open 

    d) Bicollateral 

 

16. The type of tissue that provides mechanical support to young plants and herbaceous organs is:

    a) Parenchyma 

    b) Collenchyma 

    c) Sclerenchyma 

    d) Xylem 

 

17. Which tissue forms the bulk of the leaf?

    a) Parenchyma 

    b) Collenchyma 

    c) Sclerenchyma 

    d) Xylem 

 

18. The main function of epidermal tissue is:

    a) Photosynthesis 

    b) Conduction 

    c) Protection 

    d) Storage 

 

19. Which of the following is a characteristic of monocot roots?

    a) Taproot system 

    b) Presence of pith 

    c) Absence of pericycle 

    d) Vascular bundles arranged in a ring 

 

20. The cambium that forms secondary xylem and phloem is:

    a) Vascular cambium 

    b) Cork cambium 

    c) Interfascicular cambium 

    d) Intrafascicular cambium 

 

21. Which type of cells make up the phloem?

    a) Tracheids 

    b) Vessels 

    c) Companion cells 

    d) Sieve tubes 

 

22. The tissue responsible for secondary growth in plants is:

    a) Apical meristem 

    b) Lateral meristem 

    c) Intercalary meristem 

    d) Primary meristem 

 

23. The cork cells are rich in:

    a) Cellulose 

    b) Lignin 

    c) Suberin 

    d) Pectin 

 

24. The root cap is made up of:

    a) Parenchyma 

    b) Collenchyma 

    c) Sclerenchyma 

    d) Meristematic tissue 

 

25. The protective layer of the plant stem is called:

    a) Epidermis 

    b) Cortex 

    c) Pericycle 

    d) Endodermis 

 

26. Vascular bundles in monocot stems are:

    a) Scattered 

    b) Arranged in a ring 

    c) Collateral and open 

    d) Bicollateral 

 

27. The cells that make up the bulk of the cortex in roots are:

    a) Parenchyma 

    b) Collenchyma 

    c) Sclerenchyma 

    d) Xylem 

 

28. The radial arrangement of vascular bundles is typically seen in:

    a) Roots 

    b) Stems 

    c) Leaves 

    d) Flowers 

 

29. The function of trichomes is:

    a) Water absorption 

    b) Protection 

    c) Gas exchange 

    d) Photosynthesis 

 

30. The tissue that forms the majority of the wood in trees is:

    a) Phloem 

    b) Xylem 

    c) Cambium 

    d) Cortex 

 

31. Which part of the plant is primarily involved in photosynthesis?

    a) Stem 

    b) Root 

    c) Leaf 

    d) Flower 

 

32. The endodermis in roots is characterized by the presence of:

    a) Casparian strips 

    b) Vascular bundles 

    c) Trichomes 

    d) Root hairs 

 

33. In which type of plant would you find a well-developed pith?

    a) Monocots 

    b) Dicots 

    c) Gymnosperms 

    d) Ferns 

 

34. The tissue responsible for the production of secondary tissues in plants is:

    a) Apical meristem 

    b) Intercalary meristem 

    c) Cambium 

    d) Pericycle 

 

35. Which tissue forms the bulk of the seed coat?

    a) Parenchyma 

    b) Collenchyma 

    c) Sclerenchyma 

    d) Xylem 

 

36. Which cells are involved in the formation of annual rings in trees?

    a) Cambium 

    b) Phloem 

    c) Xylem 

    d) Epidermis 

 

37. The main function of root hairs is:

    a) Support 

    b) Absorption 

    c) Conduction 

    d) Photosynthesis 

 

38. The cells that store food in plants are usually:

    a) Parenchyma 

    b) Collenchyma 

    c) Sclerenchyma 

    d) Xylem 

 

39. The tissue that helps in the exchange of gases in the bark of trees is:

    a) Lenticels 

    b) Trichomes 

    c) Stomata 

    d) Cortex 

 

40. Which part of the vascular bundle is responsible for the transport of organic nutrients?

    a) Xylem 

    b) Phloem 

    c) Cambium 

    d) Pericycle 

 

41. In which region of the root are lateral roots formed?

    a) Root cap 

    b) Cortex 

    c) Pericycle 

    d) Endodermis 

 

42. The hard and thick-walled cells that are dead at maturity are:

    a) Parenchyma 

    b) Collenchyma 

    c) Sclerenchyma 

    d) Xylem 

 

43. The primary meristem responsible for root growth is located in the:

    a) Apical meristem 

    b) Lateral meristem 

    c) Intercalary meristem 

    d) Cambium 

 

44. The waxy layer present on the epidermis of leaves is called:

    a) Cuticle 

    b) Periderm 

    c) Casparian strip 

    d) Phellem 

 

45. The tissue that makes up the wood in trees is:

    a) Phloem 

    b) Xylem 

    c) Cambium 

    d) Cortex 

 

46. Which of the following tissues has cells with lignified walls?

    a) Parenchyma 

    b) Collenchyma 

    c) Sclerenchyma 

    d) Epidermis 

 

47. The protective tissue found on the outer surface of the older stems and roots is:

    a) Epidermis 

    b) Periderm 

    c) Cortex 

    d) Endodermis 

 

48. The cells that provide flexible support to growing parts of the plant are:

    a) Parenchyma 

    b) Collenchyma 

    c) Sclerenchyma 

    d) Xylem 

 

49. Which tissue is involved in the formation of bark?

    a) Phloem 

    b) Cork cambium 

    c) Xylem 

    d) Cortex 

 

50. The process by which the vascular cambium forms new layers of secondary xylem and phloem is called:

    a) Primary growth 

    b) Secondary growth 

    c) Tertiary growth 

    d) Quaternary growth 

 

Answers:

 

1. b) Xylem 

2. a) Photosynthesis 

3. c) Pectin 

4. a) Apical meristem 

5. d) Dead and thick-walled 

6. a) Radial 

7. b) Conduction of food 

8. a) Apical meristem 

9. b) Lateral meristem 

10. a) Phellogen 

11. a) Root hair 

12. a) Exarch 

13. b) Formation of lateral roots 

14. d) Cortex 

15. b) Collateral and closed 

16. b) Collenchyma 

17. a) Parenchyma 

18. c) Protection 

19. b) Presence of pith 

20. a) Vascular cambium 

21. d) Sieve tubes 

22. b) Lateral meristem 

23. c) Suberin 

24. a) Parenchyma 

25. a) Epidermis 

26. a) Scattered 

27. a) Parenchyma 

28. a) Roots 

29. b) Protection 

30. b) Xylem 

31. c) Leaf 

32. a) Casparian strips  

33. b) Dicots 

34. c) Cambium 

35. c) Sclerenchyma 

36. a) Cambium 

37. b) Absorption 

38. a) Parenchyma 

39. a) Lenticels 

40. b) Phloem 

41. c) Pericycle 

42. c) Sclerenchyma 

43. a) Apical meristem 

44. a) Cuticle 

45. b) Xylem 

46. c) Sclerenchyma 

47. b) Periderm 

48. b) Collenchyma 

49. b) Cork cambium 

50. b) Secondary growth

 

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