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Writer's pictureVikas Yadav

Important MCQs From Chapter Natural Phenomenon

Questions:

 

1. Which of the following is not a natural phenomenon?

   A) Earthquake

   B) Solar eclipse

   C) Chemical reaction in a laboratory

   D) Rain

 

2. What causes the formation of a rainbow?

   A) Refraction of light

   B) Reflection of light

   C) Diffraction of light

   D) Absorption of light

 

3. What is the primary cause of thunder during a lightning storm?

   A) Friction between clouds

   B) Sound waves generated by lightning

   C) Expansion of heated air

   D) Conduction of electricity

 

4. Which gas is primarily responsible for the greenhouse effect?

   A) Oxygen

   B) Nitrogen

   C) Carbon dioxide

   D) Hydrogen

 

5. In which layer of the atmosphere do most meteors burn up?

   A) Troposphere

   B) Stratosphere

   C) Mesosphere

   D) Thermosphere

 

6. What is the main source of energy for the Earth’s climate system?

   A) Geothermal energy

   B) Solar energy

   C) Wind energy

   D) Tidal energy

 

7. Which of the following is a consequence of the greenhouse effect?

   A) Global warming

   B) Decrease in sea levels

   C) Increased snow cover

   D) Ozone layer depletion

 

8. What is the term used for the shaking of the Earth's surface due to tectonic movements?

   A) Tsunami

   B) Earthquake

   C) Erosion

   D) Volcanic eruption

 

9. The sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust causes what type of natural disaster?

   A) Hurricane

   B) Tornado

   C) Earthquake

   D) Flood

 

10. Which instrument is used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake?

    A) Barometer

    B) Thermometer

    C) Seismometer

    D) Hygrometer

 

11. What type of cloud is typically associated with thunderstorms?

    A) Cirrus

    B) Cumulonimbus

    C) Stratus

    D) Cirrostratus

 

12. What is the phenomenon of the Earth’s magnetic field causing the northern lights known as?

    A) Aurora Borealis

    B) Aurora Australis

    C) Solar Flare

    D) Meteor Shower

 

13. What causes a solar eclipse?

    A) The Moon blocking the Sun

    B) The Earth blocking the Moon

    C) The Sun’s light being scattered

    D) The Moon reflecting sunlight

 

14. Which of the following is a natural cause of climate change?

    A) Human activities

    B) Industrial pollution

    C) Volcanic eruptions

    D) Deforestation

 

15. How does a tornado form?

    A) Warm air rises and rotates with cooler air

    B) High pressure systems collide

    C) Water vapour condenses rapidly

    D) Earth’s crust shifts

 

16. What is the term for the boundary between two tectonic plates?

    A) Fault line

    B) Rift zone

    C) Plate boundary

    D) Seismic zone

 

17. What causes the aurora borealis to occur?

    A) High-speed particles from the Sun interacting with Earth’s magnetic field

    B) Earth’s magnetic field interacting with moonlight

    C) Reflection of sunlight off polar ice

    D) Sunspots on the Sun’s surface

 

18. Which of the following phenomena is directly related to the Earth's rotation?

    A) Ocean currents

    B) Earthquake

    C) Volcanic eruption

    D) Tidal waves

 

19. What is the primary reason for the occurrence of seasons on Earth?

    A) The tilt of Earth’s axis

    B) The distance from the Sun

    C) The rotation speed of Earth

    D) The phase of the Moon

 

20. What is the term for a large, fast-moving ocean wave caused by underwater earthquakes?

    A) Tsunami

    B) Tidal wave

    C) Storm surge

    D) Rogue wave

 

21. Which of the following is a major factor in the formation of deserts?

    A) High temperatures and low rainfall

    B) High humidity and high temperatures

    C) Low temperatures and high rainfall

    D) High winds and low temperatures

 

22. What phenomenon causes the sky to appear blue?

    A) Rayleigh scattering of sunlight

    B) Refraction of sunlight

    C) Reflection of sunlight from clouds

    D) Absorption of sunlight by the atmosphere

 

23. What type of rock is formed by volcanic activity?

    A) Sedimentary

    B) Metamorphic

    C) Igneous

    D) Limestone

 

24. What is the term for the gradual wearing away of the Earth's surface due to wind and water?

    A) Erosion

    B) Sedimentation

    C) Weathering

    D) Deposition

 

25. What causes a hurricane to form?

    A) Warm ocean waters and low pressure

    B) Cold ocean waters and high pressure

    C) High altitude winds and dry air

    D) Low altitude winds and dry air

 

26. What is the primary function of the ozone layer?

    A) Absorb harmful ultraviolet radiation

    B) Reflect sunlight

    C) Trap heat

    D) Facilitate weather patterns

 

27. What is a key characteristic of a stratovolcano?

    A) Gentle slopes and low viscosity lava

    B) Steep slopes and explosive eruptions

    C) Flank eruptions and lava tubes

    D) Shield formation and lava flows

 

28. What causes the Earth’s seasons to change?

    A) The tilt of Earth’s axis relative to its orbit around the Sun

    B) The variation in distance between Earth and the Sun

    C) The rotation of Earth around its own axis

    D) The gravitational pull of the Moon

 

29. What type of cloud is known for producing long periods of rain?

    A) Cumulus

    B) Cirrostratus

    C) Nimbostratus

    D) Altostratus

 

30. What phenomenon is caused by the Moon’s gravitational pull on the Earth’s oceans?

    A) Ocean tides

    B) Ocean currents

    C) Erosion

    D) Volcanic eruptions

 

31. What instrument measures atmospheric pressure?

    A) Barometer

    B) Thermometer

    C) Hygrometer

    D) Anemometer

 

32. What is the name of the boundary where the oceanic and continental plates meet?

    A) Subduction zone

    B) Rift valley

    C) Mid-ocean ridge

    D) Transform fault

 

33. How do clouds form?

    A) Water vapour condenses on particles in the air

    B) Air pressure increases rapidly

    C) Sunlight evaporates water from the surface

    D) Wind carries dust and dirt into the atmosphere

 

34. What is the effect of volcanic eruptions on global climate?

    A) Cooling of the Earth's surface due to ash and gases

    B) Warming of the Earth's surface due to increased CO2

    C) Increased rainfall and flooding

    D) Decrease in atmospheric pressure

 

35. What is the term for the process of water turning into vapor and rising into the atmosphere?

    A) Evaporation

    B) Condensation

    C) Precipitation

    D) Sublimation

 

36. What is the name of the boundary where tectonic plates slide past each other?

    A) Divergent boundary

    B) Convergent boundary

    C) Transform boundary

    D) Subduction zone

 

37. What natural phenomenon is caused by the sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust?

    A) Earthquake

    B) Tsunami

    C) Volcanic eruption

    D) Tornado

 

38. What factor most influences the intensity of a hurricane?

    A) Ocean water temperature

    B) Air pressure at the poles

    C) Wind patterns at high altitudes

    D) Solar radiation levels

 

39. What causes the Coriolis Effect?

    A) The rotation of the Earth

    B) Ocean currents

    C) The tilt of the Earth’s axis

    D) Solar flares

 

40. What is the name of the process where rocks are broken down into smaller pieces?

    A) Weathering

    B) Erosion

    C) Sedimentation

    D) Deposition

 

41. What is the primary cause of tides in the ocean?

    A) The gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun

    B) Ocean currents and wind patterns

    C) Earthquakes and volcanic activity

    D) Temperature changes in the ocean

 

42. What is the role of the thermosphere in the Earth's atmosphere?

    A) It absorbs high-energy solar radiation and is the hottest layer

    B) It contains the ozone layer and regulates weather patterns

    C) It is where weather events and clouds form

    D) It helps in the distribution of ocean currents

 

43. What is the primary cause of a drought?

    A) Prolonged period of low rainfall

    B) Excessive rainfall and flooding

    C) High winds and sandstorms

    D) Extreme cold temperatures

 

44. What is the name of the process by which plants release water vapour into the atmosphere?

    A) Transpiration

    B) Evaporation

    C) Condensation

    D) Precipitation

 

45. What is the term for the gentle sloping volcanic mountain built by the eruption of fluid basaltic lava?

    A) Shield volcano

    B) Stratovolcano

    C) Cinder cone volcano

    D) Lava dome

 

46. What is the primary function of the stratosphere?

    A) It contains the ozone layer which absorbs and scatters ultraviolet solar radiation

    B) It is the layer where most weather phenomena occur

    C) It acts as a boundary between the Earth and outer space

    D) It facilitates convection currents in the atmosphere

 

47. What is the name of the phenomenon where high pressure systems cause the sinking of air, leading to clear skies?

    A) Anticyclone

    B) Cyclone

    C) Tornado

    D) Hurricane

 

48. What is the cause of the Aurora Australis?

    A) Interaction of solar wind with the Earth’s magnetic field in the southern hemisphere

    B) Interaction of solar wind with the Earth’s magnetic field in the northern hemisphere

    C) Reflection of sunlight off polar ice

    D) Emission of gases from volcanoes

 

49. Which of the following is a human-made phenomenon that can influence natural processes?

    A) Urban heat islands

    B) Natural erosion

    C) Meteor showers

    D) Earthquakes

 

50. What is the term for the gradual increase in Earth’s average temperature due to human activities?

    A) Global warming

    B) Climate cooling

    C) Greenhouse effect

    D) Ozone depletion

 

Answers:

 

1. C) Chemical reaction in a laboratory

2. A) Refraction of light

3. C) Expansion of heated air

4. C) Carbon dioxide

5. C) Mesosphere

6. B) Solar energy

7. A) Global warming

8. B) Earthquake

9. C) Earthquake

10. C) Seismometer

11. B) Cumulonimbus

12. A) Aurora Borealis

13. A) The Moon blocking the Sun

14. C) Volcanic eruptions

15. A) Warm air rises and rotates with cooler air

16. C) Plate boundary

17. A) High-speed particles from the Sun interacting with Earth’s magnetic field

18. A) Ocean currents

19. A) The tilt of Earth’s axis

20. A) Tsunami

21. A) High temperatures and low rainfall

22. A) Rayleigh scattering of sunlight

23. C) Igneous

24. A) Erosion

25. A) Warm ocean waters and low pressure

26. A) Absorb harmful ultraviolet radiation

27. B) Steep slopes and explosive eruptions

28. A) The tilt of Earth’s axis relative to its orbit around the Sun

29. C) Nimbostratus

30. A) Ocean tides

31. A) Barometer

32. A) Subduction zone

33. A) Water vapour condenses on particles in the air

34. A) Cooling of the Earth's surface due to ash and gases

35. A) Evaporation

36. C) Transform boundary

37. A) Earthquake

38. A) Ocean water temperature

39. A) The rotation of the Earth

40. A) Weathering

41. A) The gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun

42. A) It absorbs high-energy solar radiation and is the hottest layer

43. A) Prolonged period of low rainfall

44. A) Transpiration

45. A) Shield volcano

46. A) It contains the ozone layer which absorbs and scatters ultraviolet solar radiation

47. A) Anticyclone

48. A) Interaction of solar wind with the Earth’s magnetic field in the southern hemisphere

49. A) Urban heat islands

50. A) Global warming

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